The name monkeypox originates from the initial discovery of the virus in monkeys in Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen Denmark, in 1958. It is caused by the monkeypox virus which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. Monkeypox is a viral zoonosis (a virus transmitted to humans from animals) with symptoms very similar to those seen in the past in smallpox patients, although it is clinically less severe. Cases of monkeypox in endemic countriesįor additional information please refer to WHO AFRO Weekly Bulletin on Outbreaks and Other Emergencies. Laboratory strengthening in endemic countries is a priority to enable confirmation of suspected cases. In addition to non-endemic countries reporting cases, WHO continues to receive updates on the status of ongoing outbreaks through established surveillance mechanisms (IDSR) for cases in endemic countries 1 in the African region. Cases of monkeypox in non-endemic countries to WHO between 13 May to, 5 PM CEST
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The current publication of Disease Outbreak News is an update to the previously published Disease Outbreak News of 21 May.
The sudden appearance of monkeypox simultaneously in several non-endemic countries suggests that there may have been undetected transmission for some time as well as recent amplifying events. One case of monkeypox in a non-endemic country is considered an outbreak.
Early epidemiology of initial cases notified to WHO by countries shows that cases have been mainly reported amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). The identification of confirmed and suspected cases of monkeypox with no direct travel links to an endemic area is atypical. The vast majority of reported cases so far have no established travel links to an endemic area and have presented through primary care or sexual health services. Since, monkeypox has been reported to WHO from 23 Member States that are not endemic for monkeypox virus, across four WHO regions. Epidemiological investigations are ongoing.